Duration and frequency of betel quid chewing affects periodontitis severity and life quality of people in Tanini Village, Kupang, Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: Chewing betel nuts can increase the risk of periodontal disease severity and potentially become malignant in the oral cavity. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the duration and frequency of betel quid chewing behaviour on periodontitis severity and the life quality of people in Tanini Village, Kupang Regency, Indonesia. METHODS: The type of this study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. We used a questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic data. Oral Health Survey Basic Methods were used to measure debris index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, loss of attachment, and pocket depth. Behaviour and quality of life were measured by questionnaire and WHOQOL-BREF method as well. RESULTS: The largest number of respondents were male. Duration of chewing had a significant relationship with the frequency of chewing and periodontal status. Periodontitis was higher compared to all categories. The lifestyle of the community greatly influenced their behaviour in betel nut chewing and also affected the severity of their periodontitis and OHIs significantly. CONCLUSION: The lifestyle of betel nut chewing of the people in Tanini Village, greatly influences their behaviour. Prolonged and excessive use of betel nut induced significant adverse effects on human health. The longer and more often chew betel or areca nut, the higher the incidence of periodontitis, which significantly affects the quality of life as there is a possibility of the development of carcinogenesis, particularly in the oral cavity.

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) Analysis in Partially Edentulous Patients with and without Denture Therapy.

Purpose: One of the Indonesians oral health problems today is teeth loss. Several treatments can be done to overcome the problems, especially to restore missing teeth function, which are mastication, speech function, and improve aesthetic. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) domains physical health, psychological health, social relationships, environment, and the domain of Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) in partially edentulous patients with implants, conventional dentures, and non-users (without implant and conventional denture). Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytic observational study. Samples were partially edentulous patients aged 15-70 in Surabaya were taken using a simple random sampling technique within inclusion criteria. Reliability and validity analysis was carried out with Eta correlation test and then comparative analysis was performed with Kruskal Wallis and Post Hoc test with Mann Whitney U-Test. All procedures were carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations by Ethics Committee, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Unair, Surabaya, Indonesia (No: 441/HRECC.FODM/VII/2022). Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between partially edentulous patients with and without dentures with the domains of physical health, psychological health, social, environment, and the domain of OIDP. Conclusion: The study showed a statistically significant correlation between OHRQoL domain of physical health, psychological health, social and environment, and the domain of OIDP in partially edentulous patients with implants, conventional dentures, and non-users (without implants and conventional dentures). Edentulism is really felt by the people and has a negative effect meaningful to the physical, economic, and psychological. For this reason, in determining the use of implants, conventional dentures, and non-users (without implants and conventional dentures) it is important to consider domains of OHRQoL consisting of physical health, psychological health, social relationships, environment, and the domain of OIDP.

Low Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α will Prevent Periodontitis Exacerbation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for periodontitis. Susceptibility to periodontitis increases approximately three times in people with DM. There is a clear relationship between the degree of hyperglycemia and the severity of periodontitis. This study aimed to analyze the reduction of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in diabetics who came for periodontitis examination to prevent exacerbations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an analytic observational study using a cross-sectional approach at health centers in Surabaya, Indonesia. Measurement of periodontal status used the community periodontal index of treatment needs by measuring bleeding at probing and pocket depth. TNF-α was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and behavior and lifestyle using a questionnaire. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed to identify data normality (p < 0.05). A nonparametric test was used to measure the degree of association between different characteristics and the incidence of periodontitis in type 2 DM patients with and without periodontitis. Spearman's test was done to examine the correlation between TNF-α level and severity of periodontitis in diabetics. The significant level was at p <0.05. RESULTS: There was a correlation between age, predisposing factors, reinforcing factors, drug consumption, and TNF-α levels in patients with type 2 DM and the incidence of periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS: Poor glycemic control can induce oxidative stress on the gingiva, thereby aggravating damage to periodontal tissue. An important factor in preventing periodontitis for type 2 DM patients is controlling blood sugar levels through regular consumption of drugs and regular maintenance of oral cavity health. Knowledge is a predisposing factor that affects adherence of people with type 2 DM to consuming drugs regularly, which can be strengthened by family support. These will ultimately play a role in reducing TNF-α levels.

Suitability of MDA, 8-OHdG and wild-type p53 as genotoxic biomarkers in metal (Co, Ni and Cr) exposed dental technicians: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: High concentrations of Co, Ni, and Cr in the blood serum of dental technicians are strongly associated with free radical formation. It has highly reactive properties that can cause further oxidation of molecule in the vicinity. PURPOSE: This study intended to investigate whether the Dental Technician occupational exposure of Co, Ni and Cr, could contribute to the high incidence of cancer. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study to dental technicians, performed after acccepting ethical clearance. Blood was sampled in 3 examinations for Co, Ni, Cr using Atomic Absorbance Spectrophotometry (AAS), MDA was examined with TBARS test, also 8 OHdG and wildtype p53 proteins determined by ELISA method. RESULTS: Comparative statistical analysis, showing a significant difference (p < 0.05) between levels of Co, Ni, and Cr in exposed groups to the control group. But, not all variables was proven to be positively correlated, only with Cr, and Co, and negatively correlated with wild-type p53. CONCLUSION: MDA,8-OHdG and wildtype p53 can be used as genotoxic biomarkers in the metal exposed group, since they can accurately reflect the degree of Oxidative damage.

Intention and Oral Health Behavior Perspective of Islamic Traditional Boarding School Students Based on Theory of Planned Behavior

Abstract Objective: To analyze the correlation of the students in an Islamic boarding school intention toward oral health behavior by means of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) approach. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted on 153 students of an Islamic boarding school who fulfilled the criterion. Data were obtained by a questionnaire and clinical examination. Data were presented as mean and standard deviation. Results: The highest score of the variable that affects behavior recorded from both male and female respondents was Subjective Norm (57.288 ± 12.828), followed by Attitude (25.627 ± 4.144). Meanwhile, the lowest score that affects behavior was Oral Health Knowledge (3.179 ± 1.402). All study variables, according to the theory of planned behavior, such as knowledge, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavior control, and intention had significant value to predict and assess behavior with p<0.05. Conclusion: Attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and oral health knowledge in Private Boarding School's Santris influence the intention to improve oral hygiene behavior.

Miswak users' behavior model based on the theory of planned behavior in the country with the largest Muslim population.

BACKGROUND: Maintaining proper oral hygiene has an influence on oral health. Religious obedience may influence individual behavior. According to Islamic religious guidance, as recommended by an Islamic role model, it is obligated to maintain oral health and the recommended tool to use is miswak. PURPOSE: To describe miswak users' behavior based on the theory of planned behavior. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The population of this study was the students of As-Salafi Al-Fitrah Islamic Boarding School who used miswak regularly and were healthy physically and mentally. One hundred and nine samples were chosen randomly and asked to complete a semi-open and a closed-ended questionnaire. RESULTS: Perceived behavioral control had the most dominant influence toward improving intention with ß=0.211 and p<0.05. In contrast, attitude and subjective norms had less influence toward improving intention with ß=0.190 and p>0.05, and ß=0.164 and p<0.0001, respectively. Meanwhile, perceived behavioral control showed direct correlation toward action in model parameter with ß=0.445 and p<0.0001. CONCLUSION: Perceived behavioral control is the most dominant predisposing factor in increasing intention and attitude of miswak use.